Limonene: The Terpene with a Fruity, Citrus Aroma

All About Limonene, An Essential Oil Found Commonly in Cannabis

The mood-boosting Limonene has demonstrated anti-anxiety, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anti-cancer effects

Limonene is the terpene, or essential oil, that’s most associated with those fruity, citrus-like smells and flavors often found in your cannabis. It’s bright and eye opening nature can be a welcome addition to a dark and cold winter day, and can play a role in elevating your mood, reducing stress and boosting your energy. It’s not present in every cannabis strain, but it’s among the most commonly found. Terpenes are produced by the plant and act as self-defense, or immune system, against would-be predators in nature. Environmental factors influence which terpenes are present.

With the advent of modern-day cannabis oil extraction, many producers have developed methods to capture and preserve the amount of cannabis-produced terpenes in a given product. Because of this, you’re more likely to find strain blends with high Limonene content in vape cartridges and other extracts that are formulated to elevate your mood. As our medical cannabis consultant Matt puts it succinctly, “Limonene makes things happy!” It’s important to note that Limonene doesn’t need to be the predominant terpene present in order to have possess these effects, even a small percentage can be influential.

Outside of cannabis, Limonene is most prominently found in the peel of citrus fruits and mint. The oils in the rind of an orange or grapefruit are 97% comprised of Limonene. It’s used in various applications, like cleaning supplies, food flavoring, and fragrance additives in cosmetics. Throughout your day, you may be interacting with Limonene several times and not even realize it!

Health Implications of Limonene

Isolated Limonene has antibacterial effects, and may be beneficial for fighting acne and other skin disorders. Internally, the anti-inflammatory properties of Limonene have been studied for the treatment of ulcerative colitis with promising results. There is also evidence pointing to its efficacy in reducing inflammation related to osteoarthritis.

A 2018 study by the National Institute of Health, Limonene showed an ability to inhibit lung cancer cell growth in mice. Numerous other studies have pointed to Limonene’s vast cancer-fighting potential.

What Cannabis Strains are high in limonene?

Dominion Skunk EVFO by Puffin Farm | 44% THC

Squirt Sativa Hybrid by Lazy Bee Gardens 17% THC

Guava Punch Hybrid by Eagle Trees | 22% THC

707 Truthband by Heylo | 59% THC, 3.6% CBG, 2.5% CBD, .6% CBC, .5% THCV

Wedding Cake Indica Hybrid by Lazy Bee Gardens

52% THC .15% CBD 1% CBG .46% CBC

CBD Tea Recipe: Quick, Easy and Relaxing

CBD Tea Couldn’t Be Easier with Tinctures

CBD tea is a warming, relaxing option for those cold winter days when the weather has us less than enthusiastic to brave the outdoors, but it can also make a great companion on a walk or hike too! The pain-relieving qualities of CBD make it a natural partner to the soothing nature of tea. There are several ways to create gourmet versions of CBD or cannabis tea on the web, but for added convenience and ease, tinctures are your best friend. They offer an easy way to control dosing, and their mild (if at all present) flavor goes well with just about any tea you may have in the cabinet.

CBD to THC Ratio Considerations

A few tincture options from Fairwinds and Ceres

As we’ve stated before, knowing the potency and ratio of CBD to THC that is best for you is key. Select a tincture that’s appropriate to the activity. If you’re at home and mellowing out on the couch and in need of serious relief, it may be beneficial to use a tincture with with a higher concentration of THC, while conversely if you’re out on a walk or out in nature, you may want to minimize the risk of intoxication with something like a 20:1 (20 parts CBD to 1 part THC). Everyone’s needs are different and unique. Safety is always the number one consideration. It’s also good to consider the onset time of effects. We always recommend to start low and go slow, and build up to a dose that’s most effective and comforting for you.

Tinctures | Onset time is typically 15-45 minutes with 4-5 hour duration. Oil based liquids placed under the tongue can begin absorbing into the bloodstream faster than other ingestible products. Note that effects may be delayed to 2 hours to be felt in some cases.

Dosing

Most CBD and cannabis tinctures have a dropper with a capacity to administer 1 dose, around 0.6ml of liquid. Meter your dose based upon desired effects and the ratio and strength of the product you’e using. Remember that if you consume the entire cup of tea you’re adding it to, it will have the same effect as it would if you’d placed the CBD liquid under your tongue as the tincture intends.

CBD Tea Recipe: Easy as 1-2-3

1. Heat a kettle with purified water and wait for it to boil. Meanwhile prepare your tincture and select your favorite bagged or loose leaf tea. A high THC tincture and a high caffeine tea may be jitter-inducing and energizing, so pair your ratio and tea to tailor your optimal experience.

2. Pour water over tea and steep for desired amount of time or around 3-4 minutes. Fun and tasty additions like sliced lemon or cinnamon can be added at this point too to let those flavors marry.

3. Remove the steeped tea and discard. Stir in a dropperful of your preferred CBD or cannabis tincture and stir. Tinctures typically use avocado oil in their formulation and you may see that float to the top of your tea, that’s ok! Now it’s time to enjoy your tea, happy holidays!

Top 10 Medical Cannabis Products of 2020

2020 Was An Exciting, Innovative Year In Medical Cannabis.

Despite everything that has happened in 2020, for the people that have spent years working tirelessly to legitimize the cannabis industry, this will always be the year that we were deemed essential. Many states recognized that cannabis is not just a fun and recreational product, but also something that is of vital importance for the physical and mental health of their citizens. We saw a tremendous rise in people wanting to understand and use cannabis for things like helping with sleep and curbing increased anxiety.

There was a lot of innovation in 2020, we saw the rise of new products with high levels of lesser cannabinoids, new methods of consumption, and a fine tuning of the classics that make them better than ever. We are now regularly seeing products high in CBG, Delta 8 THC, Delta 10 THC, CBT and many others. While research is still new on many of these things, we are already beginning to find how to incorporate these cannabinoids into effective regimens to help as many people as possible.

Matt, Westley and Isaiah are state-certified medical cannabis consultants at The Novel Tree Medical.

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Here are 10 medical cannabis products that stood out in 2020, all available at the novel tree medical.

Fairwinds 1:1:1 Ratio Line

Available in tinctures, vapes and capsules.

While new to the shelves, the Fairwinds 1:1:1 ratio series already makes it to our top 10 list for the year. Products high in CBG have been some of the most exciting and helpful that we have added to our shelves this year. CBG is the precursor to THC and CBD, like CBD it is non-intoxicating, and like THC it has effects throughout the central nervous system. We find that the combination of these 3 cannabinoids creates an incredibly balanced effect that is great for pain or anxiety whether you need relief first thing in the morning or right before bed. Coming in a variety of options like tinctures that give you incredible levels of control over your dose, long lasting capsules, or you can achieve immediate relief from the vaporizer cartridge or pax pod. Whichever your desired method of consumption the 1:1:1 ratio is a must try from Fairwinds. 

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Falcanna Pacific Sunshine CBG Flower

Grown on Washington’s Olympic Peninsula.

I will say it again, 2020 was the breakout year for lesser cannabinoids. Very few products have made as big of an impact so quickly as the Pacific Sunshine flower from Falcanna. With over 10% CBG and less than 1% THC this non-intoxicating flower is the perfect way to start or end your day with. It is also the perfect thing to mix with your high THC strains to mellow their intensity and provide a well-balanced effect. Great for anxiety, and to help relax tension and muscle tightness, the high CBG Pacific Sunshine from Falcanna is an industry game changer.  

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Washington Bud Company Flower

Freshly harvested WA Bud Co. cannabis flower.

We love Washington Bud Co! One of the things that we think is most important for medical cannabis is consistency. For the last 5 years WA Bud Co. has harvested every 4 weeks like clockwork. They grow the same 8-10 strains, so we know even if we run out of something you love we are never more than a few weeks from a fresh harvest. This level of consistency has been incredible for our medical customers, when they find something that works, we need to be able to have a regular supply. Whether it is the incredibly relaxing Blackberry, the sharp clear focus of Skymaster, or the incredible balanced effects of CBD-dominant Harlequin. Whatever you are looking for WA Bud Co. has you covered with some of the best smelling, best smoking flower that we’ve found in Washington. 

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Fairwinds Inhalers

Inhalers now available in strain specific varieties.

Fairwinds is always on the cutting edge of innovation in the cannabis industry. This was on full display in 2020 with the introduction of their line up of metered dose inhalers. A way to get immediate effects and benefits of cannabis, without having to combust anything or smoke. Using pharmaceutical grade devices and propellant, Fairwinds has produced strain and ratio-specific inhalers for every situation. Each spray delivers a micro dose of 2.5mg, whether it is THC, CBD or a combination of the two there is an inhaler for you. The effects are nearly immediate as soon as you use the inhaler like a smokable product, and can last several hours like an edible. Best of both worlds. 

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Ceres Nano Emulsification 

Dragon Balm is among the most popular medical cannabis topicals.

Ceres has really figured something out with their Nano Emulsified cannabis products. This is a way of making the cannabinoids smaller so your body can absorb them quicker. This really comes into effect with edible products. While Washington law requires warning people that the onset for an edible can take anywhere from 30 minutes to 2 hours, the consistent feedback is that Ceres Nano edibles take effect closer to that 30-minute mark. The Nano Emulsification also seems to be beneficial for their topicals and bath salts as it’s designed to help the cannabinoids penetrate more deeply. 

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Skagit Organics RSO & Distillate

Premium RSO from Skagit Organics.

Skagit Organics has been an invaluable partner of The Novel Tree Medical for years. Many have found benefit and relief from one of their pesticide free strain specific RSO oils, and distillates. Having a huge variety of strengths and ratios of CBD to THC is beneficial and necessary to be able to help as many people as possible achieve relief. One of the most exciting things about Skagit Organics is the expanded cannabinoid profile on the back of every package. This highlights the full spectrum approach that we take at The Novel Tree Medical. Beyond THC and CBD there are so many other cannabinoids that may not be key players but can add to the effect and benefits of a specific product. The “entourage” effect in full display, you can see that their oils will often have beneficial levels of CBG, CBC, and even CBT. While research on some of these components is in its infancy, we are excited to learn how to incorporate these components to help people to best achieve their goals with cannabis. 

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The New Workout Plan: Heylo Cannabis 

Always an innovator, Heylo leads the industry in tailored vape blends.

The New Workout Plan is the first delta-10 THC product in the Washington state cannabis market. This oil, available to both 510 thread cartridges and PAX pods, contains over 11% of this interesting new THC isomer. Heylo balances this with roughly 38% delta-9 THC, 1.9% CBG, 1.7% CBC, and 1.3% CBT. This cannabinoid ‘cocktail’ is vigorously motivational when vaporized. Delta-10 stimulates the mind like a robust espresso without creating a noticeable jittery feeling. It also encourages a "get up and go" headspace, which pairs well with physical activity. This blend's entourage effect is perfect for patients with lethargy, depression, or attention deficit disorder. The rare chemistry present in Heylo's New Workout Plan is an exciting peek into the future of cannabis science.

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Delta 8 CBD RSO: JV Ranch

CBD tanker with a convenient dispensing method.

The new delta-8 THC & CBD 1:1 tanker from Johnny Vanella Ranch is one of the best products on the market for patients that want to combat nausea and promote gut health. Both delta-8 and delta-10 are isomers of standard delta-9 THC. These cannabinoids interact with the same receptors as delta-9 THC but affect them differently. Delta-8 helps patients create a positive relationship with food and eating. This effect, combined with CBD's properties, makes this 1:1 a perfect choice for cancer patients. The oil is a potent analgesic that is very minimally psychoactive; it engenders tranquility and settles anxieties.

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Walden Concentrates

High potency concentrates from premium sun grown cannabis.

For many medical patients, high levels of THC may actually be very beneficial for relief from chronic pain and PTSD. Walden has helped so many people by creating clean, high potency tankers, cartridges, and dabbable concentrates at an incredible price point. Being able to consistently source these high potency products ensures that we always have the best option for everyone. Strain specific so you can always dial in the optimal experience. 

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Plantworks Urban Microgrow

Grown with love in the heart of Seattle.

Plantworks embodies everything we love about medical cannabis. A microgrow in the heart of Seattle, owners Regina and Jared are a 2 person show, growing, packaging, and delivering always with love. Producing incredible varietals from the old “green cross” medical days like The True OG, to some of the best smelling CBD in the market with their Tropical Fire CBD and Orange Julia. Pesticide free, hydroponically grown under LED ensures that they consistently put out cannabis of the highest caliber. You can feel the love that is put into every jar when you smoke anything from Plantworks. We appreciate them, and everything they do, and are proud to feature them on our shelves.

What were standout products for you in 2020? Leave us a comment! 

What Does CBD Stand For and What Does it Do?

The basics of CBD and its effects

What is CBD?

CBD is one of the primary naturally-occurring chemical components found in cannabis. Collectively, these are known as cannabinoids. CBD, also known as cannabidiol, is surging in popularity for its ability to help ease chronic pain, aches and pains, insomnia, anxiety and a host of other common ailments. Some of the first and most notable research into CBD involved its use to address symptoms of epilepsy and seizures.

CBD products found in Washington state dispensaries is derived from cannabis, and also contains several other active compounds like THC that contribute to relief.

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Is CBD Intoxicating?

CBD is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid produced by the cannabis plant. In an isolated form or at high CBD to THC ratios, it does not cause intoxicating effects, or a ‘high’ that is associated with other high THC cannabis.

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What are the effects of CBD?

Chronic Pain Relief

Many people who use CBD cannabis products are looking for a powerful alternative to over the counter painkillers. Several studies have pointed to CBD’s powerful anti-inflammatory properties, and it’s commonly used as a part of a chronic pain relief regimen.

CBD may offer an option for treating different types of chronic pain. A study from the European Journal of Pain showed, using an animal model, CBD applied on the skin could help lower pain and inflammation due to arthritis. Another study demonstrated the mechanism by which CBD inhibits inflammatory and neuropathic pain, two of the most difficult types of chronic pain to treat. - Harvard Health Publishing

Anxiety and Stress Relief

CBD also demonstrates a number of anxiety and stress-relieving effects, and is used to ease symptoms of conditions as serious as post-traumatic stress disorder, or PTSD.

Overall, existing preclinical evidence strongly supports the potential of CBD as a treatment for anxiety disorders. CBD exhibits a broad range of actions, relevant to multiple symptom domains, including anxiolytic, panicolytic, and anticompulsive actions, as well as a decrease in autonomic arousal, a decrease in conditioned fear expression, enhancement of fear extinction, reconsolidation blockade, and prevention of the long-term anxiogenic effects of stress. - Cannabidiol as a Potential Treatment for Anxiety Disorders

Insomnia and Sleep Difficulty Relief

With it’s powerful potential for anxiety, stress and pain relief, it’s a natural conclusion to draw that CBD may contribute to improved quality of sleep. Though few studies focus on CBD and sleep, there is promising evidence for its efficacy both in scientific review and in personal testimonials.

Overall, there is scientific research that supports the theory that there are CBD health benefits. While more research needs to be done, the use of CBD can potentially decrease your symptoms of insomnia and help you get more quality sleep. - Sleep Assocation

Use For Epileptic Disorders

CBD is increasingly used by individuals suffering from epileptic seizures. In an large body of evidence has demonstrated potentially life changing benefits in managing symptoms, decreasing seizure instances and severity.

CBD possesses affinity for multiple targets, across a range of target classes, resulting in functional modulation of neuronal excitability, relevant to the pathophysiology of many disease types, including epilepsy. - The Proposed Mechanisms of Action of CBD in Epilepsy

Use for Parkinson’s Symptoms

People experiencing difficult and painful symptoms related to Parkinson’s disease have found that cannabis and CBD can offer some much needed relief. Compelling anecdotal evidence and early scientific studies both demonstrate CBD’s potential benefits.

There was also significant improvement of sleep and pain scores. No significant adverse effects of the drug were observed. The study suggests that cannabis might have a place in the therapeutic armamentarium of PD. Larger, controlled studies are needed to verify the results. - Cannabis (medical marijuana) treatment for motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson disease: an open-label observational study

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Where do I get CBD?

You can find cannabis-derived CBD products in licensed cannabis dispensaries like The Novel Tree Medical in Bellevue, WA. A staff of state-certified medical cannabis consultants can assist you with identifying an appropriate product, discuss dosing and frequency, and any other topics related to your unique needs.

5 New Medical Cannabis Products We're Excited About

Selected by our team of state-certified medical cannabis consultants

Sourcing new and innovative cannabis products designed to alleviate chronic pain and educating those who need them is a primary part of our mission at The Novel Tree Medical. Since no two medical cannabis patients are the same, having a wealth of options is key to help address a wide variety of unique, individual needs. The brands and farms we carry have a proven track record of developing products for effective relief of everyday aches, serious chronic pain, anxiety and more.

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5 New Products at The Novel Tree Medical

Eagle Trees Royal AC/DC

Eagle Trees is grown pesticide free under the sun in a green house to ensure that they are producing the cleanest and highest quality cannabis possible. Their Royal AC/DC is quickly becoming a favorite. The combination of Royal Kush and AC/DC provides an incredible profile of high CBD but also a good amount of THC to be very effective for a providing relief. Available in smokable flower, or in a concentrated Full Spectrum RSO oil you can smoke, eat, or cook with.

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Falcanna Pacific Sunshine

Few things are truly industry game changers, Pacific Sunshine is one of them. It is the first CBG-dominant flower available at The Novel Tree Medical. CBG is the precursor to CBD and THC, typically there is very small amounts left by the time a plant is harvested. While research is still new on CBG it seems to be even more effective than CBD in helping with mood and anxiety, and like CBD, has no intoxicating effects. While the Pacific Sunshine strain is still only available in smokable flower, we are starting to see the rise of CBG in many of the products that we carry and we are excited to start taking full advantage of its potential benefits.

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Treehaus Tahoe OG, Sundae Driver and Grapefruit Vapes

Treehaus is an exciting new line from our good friends at Heylo. Treehaus combines Heylo’s incredible full spectrum cannabis oil with high potency distillate to provide the best of both worlds. High potency, and incredible tasting and unique terpene profiles. Utilizing pesticide free flower to guarantee the highest quality product possible, check out Treehaus next time you are in the market for a new vape cart.

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High Five Farms TOPS

This flower give people an extraordinarily economical alternative to high priced indoor cannabis. These sun grown kolas are packed with intense terpenes and stunningly high cannabinoid percentages. The growers at High Five believe that their sustainable outdoor method produces a product that is comparable to the finest indoor flower. Offerings like Beach Wedding hammer their point home. Available in eight and quarter ounces, this Oni Seed Co. classic contains a whopping 26.4% total cannabinoids. The tropical smoke produced by these dense buds is a full body relaxant that melts muscle cramps and sooths neuropathic pain.

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High End Farms

High End Farms produces some of Washington’s most powerful indoor-grown flower. Their “Diamond Quality Cannabis” is cultivated in small batches to ensure quality and potency. It is always hand trimmed to preserve trichomes. High End Farms offers multiple heavy hitting strains that test at over 27% total cannabinoids. Patients with severe nerve and muscle pain often find that strong flower provides relief that traditional medication cannot. Their Blueberry Pie strain is an excellent choice for people in pain because it acts as a deeply sedative full body relaxant. The smoke from this flower is richly aromatic with a powerful skunk flavor on the inhale, and a sweet muffin taste on the exhale.

Chronic Pain Relief: 5 Cannabis Strains To Consider

What Gives a Cannabis Strain Its Pain-Fighting Power?

It isn’t just CBD and THC content give a strain pain-fighting potential, it’s terpenes too.

CBD is rightfully known as the pain relieving component found in cannabis. It delivers powerful anti-inflammatory effects and can play an important role in the management of chronic pain. Beyond CBD however, there are other naturally occurring cannabinoids and essential oils, or terpenes, that can play a strong supporting role in alleviating pain. Cannabis growers skillfully cultivate these strains, often cross breeding them with others to enhance these beneficial properties. In Washington state, each new crop of cannabis is tested to analyze these biological aspects of the plant, measuring THC, CBD, cannabinoid and terpene content. This creates a good opportunity for the dispensary recommending the strains, and finally the consumer, to know what effects the cannabis may have. It’s especially important when looking for a strain that addresses a medical cannabis patient’s unique set of needs.

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What Effects Do Cannabis Terpenes Have?

This table features the most common terpenes found in cannabis and their therapeutic effects. Terpenes are the naturally occurring essential oils produced by a wide variety of plant life.

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5 Powerful Pain-Relieving Cannabis Strains

Royal ACDC by Eagle Trees

8% CBD : 13% THC

Terpenes: A-Pinene, B-Myrcene, Linalool, B-Caryophyllene.

Lake of Fire by North West Roots

12.8% CBD : 0.48% THC

Terpenes: B-Myrcene, B-Caryophyllene, A-Pinene, Linalool, and Terpinolene.

Lazy Susan by Plantworks

5.2% CBD : 2.7% THC

Terpenes: B-Myrcene, B-Caryophyllene, Humulene, Nerolidol, Linalool

Gilda by Raven Grass

6% CBD : 4% THC

Terpenes: B-Myrcene, A-Bisabolol, A-Pinene, B-Caryophyllene.

Charlotte’s Web by Falcanna

16% CBD : 1% THC

Terpenes: B-Myrcene, A-Pinene, B-Caryophyllene, A-Bisabolol, B-Pinene, Limonene, Humulene.

Cannabis: How Long Until Effects are Felt?

Considerations for Cannabis Dosing in Edibles, Vaporizers, Flower and More

when deciding which consumption Method is going to be best for you, First Consider how long It will take for effects to begin.

For some people, the long-lasting duration of ingestible cannabis products might be most effective. For others, the near-immediate onset of effects from inhalation may be more desirable. While prior experience and the height and weight of a person are important factors in cannabis dosing, we’ve observed that the severity of their ailment also plays a major role in what the optimal dosage may be. Someone recovering from surgery is going to need a higher dose even if they’ve never used cannabis before. 

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Onset Time of Cannabis Products: A Quick Reference Guide

Capsules | Onset time of 1-2 hours with 6-8 hour duration. Biological factors that could affect either variable would be cannabis experience, and the difference between an empty and full stomach. 

Chocolates & Fruit Chews | Onset time 1-2 hours with 6-8 hour duration. Anecdotally, fat from chocolate or peanut butter seem to enhance bioavailability for faster onset than sugar based fruit chews.

Tinctures | Onset time is 15-45 minutes with 4-5 hour duration. Oil based liquids placed under the tongue can begin absorbing into the bloodstream faster than other ingestible products. 

Topicals | Patients often experience an alleviation of their symptoms within 10 minutes of applying cannabis topicals. These products give people suffering from muscle spasms, neuropathic pain, and other conditions near immediate relief. Topicals work quickly to address superficial ailments without entering the bloodstream. 

Extracts | Concentrates and oils such as RSO, Distillate, and EVFO have an onset time of 45 minutes-1 hour with a duration of 5-6 hours. Vaporizers and “dabbed” concentrates using a cartridge or concentrated cannabis oil have an immediate onset time with a duration of 1-2 hours.

Smoking and Vaping | Effects of smoking cannabis flower or vaping cannabis oil are next to instantaneous, often times within just a minute or two. Typically the duration of effects are around 1-2 hours, but can vary with the amount smoked or vaped, and the strength of the cannabis.

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Edible Consumption Methods

Longer Lasting with a slower onset time

For most situations we would recommend an edible consumption method, these are the best for staying ahead of any issue like pain, anxiety, or sleeping through the night. Any edible product can take anywhere from 30 minutes up to 2 hours to feel the effects and can last anywhere from 6-10 hours. Due to the delay in onset and the long lasting duration of effects we always advocate to start low and go slow. You can always take more, you can’t take less. 

Tinctures | A great way to control your dose on the lower end, and a great place for people new to cannabis. Typically tinctures come with a dropper for precise measuring, the oil is then placed under the tongue where it can begin to absorb into the bloodstream. The absorption under the tongue is more efficient than swallowing a capsule, or eating a chocolate so the effects are usually felt more quickly. Typically in less than an hour, however any ingestible product can take up to 2 hours to feel the effects. Typically the effects from a tincture last 4-5 hours, but can last up to 8 hours. This is why we always advocate to start low and go slow, until you know how a product will affect you it’s best to stay on the lower end of dosing. 

Capsules or Chocolates | Processed through the liver, so must travel throughout your body before the effects are felt. This can take anywhere from 30 minutes up to 2 hours to begin to feel the effects. This delay in onset is definitely something to be aware of, a lot of people that try edibles will double down their dose after an hour and end up taking more than they need, which can lead to an uncomfortable result. Ingestible products have the longest lasting effects and can last up to 8 hours providing tremendous relief. Taking into account the long duration of onset can help to make sure that all day relief is achieved. 

Concentrated Oil | Like an RSO style oil, FECO, or distillate is an optimal option for someone requiring higher potency than an edible, capsule, or tincture can provide. These concentrated oils are typically what is used to make edibles and topicals. These can be a cost effective way of making your own edibles or topicals, or for anyone where the standard 10mg serving isn't sufficient. Many of the people we help through cancer treatments of chronic pain find that they require high dosages for optimal efficacy. These oils can have a very bitter taste, so baking them into edibles, or just placing the oil on top of something to mask the taste and increase the palatability is ideal. The higher dosages won’t make the effects last longer, just provide a stronger effect. The effects will still take 1-2 hours for onset, and last up to 8 hours.  

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Smokeable Consumption Methods

Immediate onset of effects but shorter duration

Flower Combustion | The effects through inhalation are almost immediate. Smoking from a pipe, joint, or bong gets the cannabinoids and terpenes into your lungs and bloodstream within seconds and you feel the effects within 1-10 minutes. This immediate onset can be beneficial for anxiety or panic disorders. It can also be great for nausea or helping to stimulate appetite before a meal, or for pain relief when waiting up to 2 hours for relief from an edible product isn’t ideal. The effects through combustion tend to only last 1-2 hours, making it less than optimal for chronic conditions. However inhalation can work great in combination with ingestible products. Long lasting relief from the ingestible product, and immediate relief through inhalation while waiting for the onset from the ingestible product. 

Concentrate Vaporization | The inhalation of concentrated cannabis oil from a vaporizer cartridge or a dab rig can provide patients with near immediate relief. It allows people to instantly consume large doses of cannabinoids. These concentrated forms would typically be something that someone would work up too if they found the strength of flower to be insufficient. These concentrated oils tend to have less of a smell than flower so they are optimal when the immediate relief of inhalation is necessary, and discretion is key. Near immediate effects tend to last between 1-2 hours, making this delivery method optimal for relief while waiting for the effects of an edible product to begin. 

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Topical Application

Absorbed through the skin for location-specific relief

Topicals | Topicals interact with receptors within the first few layers of skin, but do not penetrate into the bloodstream. Topical application of cannabinoids typically can provide relief within minutes. Varying combinations of THC : CBD can provide antiinflammatory effects, can help to inhibit nerve pain, and relax muscle tightness. This can provide significant location specific relief, without causing any type of intoxicating effects. Typically topical effects will last 4-6 hours per application. 

Infused Epsom Salts | A product category that is often overlooked is infused epsom salts for soaking. This can be soaking in a tub to provide a relaxing full body relief, or in a foot soak for those on their feet all day, or with issues like plantar fasciitis and neuropathy. Soaking in a tub the cannabinoids act much like a topical looking for inflammation, or muscle tightness through receptors in the skin. However cannabinoids can also be absorbed through mucus membrane to provide a relaxed full body relief. As this delivery method bypasses the liver there tends to be little intoxicating effects, so the effects are more of a physical relaxation, than a mental relaxation. 

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Cited Sources

What Are Marijuana’s Effects? Link

When marijuana is smoked, THC and other chemicals in the plant pass from the lungs into the bloodstream, which rapidly carries them throughout the body to the brain. The person begins to experience effects almost immediately.

Cannabis Tincture and Tincture Concentrate Link

Tinctures are “a great way to medicate that fills a void between smoking, vaping and edibles”

Tinctures “usher commingled cannabinoid and terpene oil components directly into the bloodstream when administered sublingually

Cooking With Cannabis Concentrates Link

For the inexperienced, it’s very important to understand that the onset of an edible’s psychotropic effects can take up to 2-hours, so patience should be exercised and 2-hours should pass before increasing consumption.  The effects will take a while to build and they will last for several hours so prepare accordingly

RSO: The main disadvantage to these concentrates is the chlorophyll that causes its black color and can result in unpleasant aroma, flavor, and stomach or gastric discomfort.

The Therapeutic Potential of Cannabis and Cannabinoids Link

Users smoke cannabis principally because of the psychoactive effects that occur at doses above the individual consumer’s psychotropic threshold. These acute effects are generally perceived as pleasurable and relaxing. Sensory perception is often heightened.

Edible Cannabis Link

Compared to inhaled cannabis, edibles have delayed peak effects of about 3 hours, and these effects may last up to 12 hours after ingestion. People accustomed to an instantaneous effect from inhaled cannabis may ingest excessive doses of edibles before peak effects have occurred.

What Are Prefilled Cannabis Oil Vape Cartridges? Link

Vape cartridges tend to provide a shorter-lasting high than other methods like joints, dabs, and edibles because you consume them in smaller doses. However, while the effects may last shorter, they can also hit harder if overconsumed, so make sure to monitor dosing appropriately.

For uninitiated cannabis concentrate consumers, dosing can be a major concern. Nobody wants an overwhelming experience when attempting to enjoy cannabis. Unlike dabbing, using a pre-loaded vape pen allows for a highly controlled dose with each inhalation, giving you more control over how much or how little you consume.

IBD Management and Cannabis

Managing Symptoms of IBD and Crohn’s with Cannabis

Cannabis and its naturally occurring compounds like CBD and THC are widely regarded for their anti-inflammatory effects.

Many people have begun to use cannabis to help manage their symptoms resulting from serious conditions like IBD and Crohn’s disease, which affect our body’s digestive tract in painful and debilitating ways. So what does the science say? How exactly might cannabis help alleviate your digestive ailments?

Many of the studies listed below highlight the fact that many people who suffer from IBD and use cannabis report improved quality of life. There seems to be a shared experience among users that not only does cannabis directly influence the easing of digestive symptoms, but also peripheral issues such as joint pain and sleep difficulties. Many of the patients use cannabis as part of a regime of self care, and in addition to prescribed medications.

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Products we’ve recommended

There are several cannabis products available that can address a broad scope of needs for those who suffer from digestive ailments. These products are formulated with cannabinoids and terpenes known for their therapeutic effects. The Novel Tree Medical’s state-certified medical cannabis consultants may recommend these based upon a person’s unique set of needs, and provide insight on dosage and frequency of use.

Digestify by Fairwinds. Available in tincture and vape form.

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5 Studies That Support Cannabis Use for IBD and Crohn’s

Insights into the role of cannabis in the management of inflammatory bowel disease

In an anonymous questionnaire-based study, IBD patients reported that cannabis improved abdominal pain (83.9%), abdominal cramping (76.8%), joint pain (48.2%), and, to a lesser extent, diarrhea (28.6%) Link to study

Therapeutic Use of Cannabis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

As the therapeutic use of cannabis gains more attention in the press, there is growing recognition of a fraction of IBD patients who are using cannabis for symptomatic control of their IBD, reportedly with successful management of abdominal pain, joint pain, cramping, diarrhea, poor appetite, weight loss, and nausea. Link to study

Cannabinoids for treating inflammatory bowel diseases: where are we and where do we go?

From first surveys and small clinical studies in patients with IBD we have learned that Cannabis is frequently used to alleviate diarrhea, abdominal pain, and loss of appetite. Single ingredients from Cannabis, such as THC and cannabidiol, commonly described as cannabinoids, are responsible for these effects. Link to study

Use of Medical Cannabis in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

In a prospective pilot study, IBD patients who were using medical cannabis as needed for pain control experienced improvements in pain, general health perception, social functioning, ability to work, and symptoms associated with IBD. Link to study

Cannabis Induces a Clinical Response in Patients With Crohn's Disease: A Prospective Placebo-Controlled Study

Although the primary end point of the study (induction of remission) was not achieved, a short course (8 weeks) of THC-rich cannabis produced significant clinical, steroid-free benefits to 10 of 11 patients with active Crohn's disease, compared with placebo, without side effects Link to study

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Interested in a free medical cannabis consultation? Contact us today!

Cannabis for Sleep: How Can it Help?

The factors that keep someone from a restful night’s sleep are individual and varied, but cannabis may provide relief for many.

Through working with people experiencing sleep difficulty, we’ve identified specific products that can provide a pathway to a better rest and a deeper slumber.

The combination of CBD, THC and terpenes found in these products provide relaxing and sedating effects.

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Edible:

tasty, discreet and long Lasting

The long-lasting effects of ingestible cannabis products make them a good option for helping someone get a restful night of sleep. Whether it is pain or anxiety that keeps someone tossing and turning, there is an product for that may best suit your needs. Start low and go slow, it can take some time to find the strength, ratio, and potency that is most effective. Cannabis is also something that builds up in the system and becomes more effective with continued use, so a product is typically more effective after 2 weeks of nightly use than it will be the very first time you try it. Edible products can take anywhere from 30 minutes to 2 hours to begin to feel the effects. If someone has issues falling asleep, they might find that taking an edible right after dinner and relaxing throughout the evening makes it much easier to fall asleep. If staying asleep is more the issue, eating the edible right before bed to get the full 6-8 hours of effectiveness may be the best option for them. 

Spot Chocolates

Levity Blend 3:10 ratio and Vacation Blend 1:1 ratio.

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Smokable:

fast-acting

For some, the near immediate onset of effects from smoking cannabis can be most ideal. If someone has an issue with falling asleep, being able to smoke something before bed can help them fall asleep quickly. Some people will find that a heavy THC-dominant Indica can have a very relaxed body sensation we often refer to as “couch lock.” This is due to the essential oils (terpenes) the plant produces. These oils are also found in hops and lavender, things that are notoriously sedating. Again, remember to start low and go slow, because too much THC can be stimulating. For others, a near equal amount of CBD and THC provides a full body relief that is most effective at helping with pain and anxiety to help get that restful night sleep. Generally speaking, smoking about 30 minutes before bedtime allows the body to relax and set the stage for a good night’s sleep.

Blackberry Kush from Washington Bud Co.

A THC-heavy Indica.

Orange Julia from Plantworks

A near-equal ratio of CBD to THC.

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Topical:

targeting specific locations

Sometimes it is location specific pain that keeps us awake at night. I personally have a bad shoulder from a car accident, and if I sleep on it wrong the pain can be excruciating and make it impossible for me to fall or stay asleep. This is a situation when a topical lotion or balm is the perfect option. I can apply the topical right before bed, and it will usually last throughout the whole night. I will sometimes keep the topical next to the bed and if I wake up with pain, I can reapply and the relief begins within 1-5 minutes. While edible options are great for full body relief, topicals are great for location specific and fast acting relief. 

Flow Roll On by Fairwinds

Available in regular and extra-strength.

Dragon Balm by Ceres

Fast acting, cooling relief.

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Vape:

near-immediate onset

Some people enjoy the fast-acting relief of a smokable product but need something more discrete and with less smell than smoking a pipe or joint. Vaporizer cartridges provide a concentrated effect, so smaller amounts are typically very effective. Start low and go slow as too much of either CBD or THC can be stimulating. Many people will use their vape 30 minutes before bed, or keep it next to their bed if they wake up in the middle of the night to be able to fall back to sleep quickly.

Deep Sleep by Fairwinds

Also available in tincture form.

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Bath Salts:

a relaxing way to end the day

An incredible option that not many people are aware of are infused Epsom salts. For aches and pains or anxiety there are few things better than soaking in the tub at the end of the day, especially as we enter these cold winter months. The Epsom salts help location specific pain similarly to topicals, but also absorb through mucus membranes to provide a relaxed body sensation without the intoxicating effects. Start with about half of the recommended dose, as you may find you do not want to get out of the tub with a full serving. For those with sore feet, neuropathy or plantar fasciitis, add the Epsom salts to a soaking basin to relax your feet at the end of the day.

Canis Soothing Salts

From Washington Bud Co.

1:1 Soothe

From Ceres

CBD Gummies: All The Latest & Greatest

CBD Gummies: All The Latest & Greatest

The legalization of cannabis in Washington state has provided fertile ground for product innovation over the past decade. Not only are we seeing more edible options than ever, they are available in a myriad of strengths, flavors and forms. It’s easy to see why they’ve become so popular, gummies and fruit chews in particular. They are a convenient, tasty choice for those seeking relief from various aches and pains through medical cannabis. Whether you’re seeking to alleviate chronic pain or simply aid relaxation after a stressful day, The Novel Tree Medical has several choices to select from.

But do they contain THC?

Yes. Washington-licensed cannabis dispensaries like The Novel Tree Medical offer CBD products that include some percentage of THC, the naturally occurring beneficial compound found in the cannabis plant. The presence of THC in CBD products enhances the health benefits of CBD, including relief from serious, chronic pain.

New to cannabis edibles? Notes on recommended dosing

You’ll hear us say “start low and go slow” a lot when referring to trying a new cannabis product for the first time. This is a good philosophy when approaching edibles initially. If you’re unsure or nervous about the effects the cannabis may have, start by dividing the piece into 2 or 4 smaller pieces, waiting a couple hours between doses. It can take 30 minutes to 2 hours to begin to feel the effects of a cannabis edible.

Learn more about cannabis edibles and microdosing here.

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The Latest & Greatest CBD Gummies

Here’s 8 of our favorite CBD gummies, fruit chews and jellies featuring some of the latest and greatest from Washington’s top cannabis companies.

Journeyman 1:1 Sour CBD Jellies

All natural variety pack made with real fruit. In watermelon, green apple and raspberry flavors. 10mg of THC and 10mg of CBD per piece.

Gluten free and vegan.

Journeyman 1:1 Tropical CBD Jellies

All natural variety pack made with real fruit. In pineapple, mango and passion fruit flavors. 10mg of THC and 10mg of CBD per piece.

Gluten free and vegan.

Journeyman 30:1 TRopical CBD Jellies

All natural variety pack made with real fruit. In pineapple, mango and passion fruit flavors. 1mg of THC and 30mg of CBD per piece.

Gluten free and vegan.

Ceres 1:1 Lemon Fruit Chews

Pure CO2 extracted distillate, natural fruit extracts and rich terpenes. 10mg of THC and 10mg of CBD per piece.

Gluten free and vegan.

Ceres Strawberry CBD Fruit Chews

Pure CO2 extracted distillate, natural fruit extracts and rich terpenes. 20mg of CBD and less than 1mg of THC per piece.

Gluten free and vegan.

American Baked Co. 50:1 Passionfruit Cannabis Gummies

Handmade in small batches on vintage candy equipment in Seattle, WA. Simple ingredients, clean cannabis, zero corn syrup. 50mg of CBD and 1mg of THC per piece.

Gluten and allergen free and vegan.

American Baked Co. 1:1 Raspberry Cannabis Gummies

Handmade in small batches on vintage candy equipment in Seattle, WA. Simple ingredients, clean cannabis, zero corn syrup. 10mg of CBD and 10mg of THC per piece.

Gluten and allergen free and vegan.

Spot Vacation Blend 1:1 Fruit Chews

Equal parts Indica cannabis and CBD create a decidedly chill and relaxing high. 10mg of CBD and 10mg of THC per piece.

Can CBD Help Anxiety?

Easing anxiety with cannabis while avoiding intoxication

The way that cannabis interacts with almost every system throughout our body makes it a great option for many when seeking relief from pain, to help with sleep, and especially when dealing elevated levels of anxiety. The biological system that cannabis interacts with is called the endocannabinoid system, and its job is to balance any over-stimulation or under-stimulation throughout the body.

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is an essential regulator of bodily function in its many facets. There is hardly any physiological process that is not affected by it to some degree. It is surprising then to realize that the ECS was totally unknown prior to one generation ago. -Dr. Ethan Russo

The products highlighted below are great options for anyone dealing with increased levels of stress or anxiety. Products that should be strong enough to help calm and relax, without being so strong that they may cause intoxication. 

5 of our favorite CBD Cannabis Products that may help ease anxiety

Fairwinds Release Vape & Tincture

A unique blend of CBD, THCA and a micro-serving of THC supports a clear mind with the highest daily functionality. Powerful cannabis terpenes, proven essential oils, herbal extracts focus and balance the affect, providing support cannabis simply can’t provide alone.

Spot 3:1 Levity Blend Chocolates

Available in Milk or Dark Chocolate varieties. As Spot puts it, “Think of each square of chocolate as a glass of wine. This unique combination of hybrid variety cannabis and CBD will allow you to float right along.” Each square may provide a 2-3 hours of relief. New to cannabis? Start with a smaller piece and gauge your effects. We always recommend to start low and go slow.

Canis Soothing Salts

A warm, soothing bath goes a long way at the end of a stressful day. Canis Soothing Salts is a non-intoxicating formula based on historic pain relief recipes. These therapeutic salts are infused with a cannabis herbal blend which adds, anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal properties for temporary relief from all sorts of discomfort. Add a half a cup to hot, running bath water.

Plantworks Orange Julia CBD Flower

An energizing yet relaxing CBD hybrid, Orange Julia has flavors of burnt sugar and earthy citrus. The Seattle growers describes this strain as “outstanding pain relief, and calming too! A feeling of peace during trying times.” With very low THC content, this is a great introduction to flower for cannabis newbies.

Heylo Harlequin Vape

Heylo describes this 2:1 CBD to THC strain as being ideal for yoga, relief time and winding down. Containing the terpenes Myrcene, Bisabolol and a-Maaliene, Harlequin can also be found in flower form if you prefer smoking your cannabis.

CBG: The Next CBD or Something New?

We first highlighted CBG in a November, 2019 piece called ‘CBG: A Potential Mood Booster?’ Since then, our understanding of the effects of this lesser cannabinoid has grown and flourished. In this article, Matt takes a fresh look at what’s known as the Mother Cannabinoid.

The prevalence of CBG offers insight into a growing and evolving medical cannabis industry. With more products featuring this cannabinoid than ever, let’s explore why it’s become so popular.

Over the years, the medical cannabis products available in Washington state have increased significantly in quality and diversity. It was just a few years ago that there wasn’t that much variety available for CBD products. Some different smokable varieties, some edibles. Not the consistent variety we have today, in as many different strengths, potencies, and ratios as you can imagine. 

As growers continue to breed cannabis, cultivate new growing techniques and learn new extraction methods, we are starting to see a rise in the availability of what are known as lesser cannabinoids. These are cannabinoids like CBG (cannabigerol), Delta 8 THC, and others that are typically found in small percentages. There are now products where these lesser cannabinoids are heavily concentrated and dominant, as they’ve been identified for possessing certain helpful qualities. The availability of diverse cannabinoid options gives the consultants at The Novel Tree Medical even more “tools” in our toolbox that can be used to help people. 

CBG’s Great Potential Is Being Realized

CBG is one of the most exciting cannabinoids that we are starting to see in higher concentrations in flower, vaporizers, and tinctures. CBG is the first cannabinoid produced by the cannabis plant in its growth process, and is sometimes referred to as the Mother Cannabinoid. Typically by the time a plant is harvested all the CBG will have converted into THC, CBD, or CBC, leaving very small amounts of CBG behind.

Often you’ll see 1% or less CBG in a product, which may slightly enhance the effects and benefits and can be a factor in “the entourage effect”. Recently however, we’ve started seeing products that have significant amounts of CBG and a few products that are nearly all CBG. CBG for medicinal effects has huge potential. It interacts with the same receptors as THC, but where THC stimulates receptors in the brain and central nervous system, CBG seems to calm these receptors. For some, it may even be more calming and relaxing than CBD. More and more, we’re seeing CBG’s potential for helping to alleviate pain, anxiety, and even neurodegenerative issues.

What Products Contain High CBG? 

Many of the companies that we partner with are starting to intentionally breed and utilize higher levels of CBG. Eagle Trees Farm produces their “Where’s My Bike?” strain that is a 3:1 THC:CBG ratio. High levels of THC, but also has significant levels of CBG. This is also one of the primary plants used to make Heylo’s famous CBG Blend cartridge. The effects from this can be mood boosting with a slight intoxicating effect. One of the characteristics that people seem to feel almost immediately is the ‘emotional’ effect. While not as easy to directly measure as pain relief, something that can be mood enhancing has been a great addition to our menu in 2020. Fairwinds has also started utilizing CBG for its anti-inflammatory and potential neuroprotective benefits. Their spectrum 1200 line utilizes both CBD and CBG for a non-intoxicating blend great for inflammation and anxiety. Falcanna recently released their Pacific Sunshine flower with a staggering 11% CBG and less than 1% THC. This product is a game changer for CBG, allowing people for the first time to experience the benefits of CBG in an almost isolated form. People who have tried this have found it to be relaxing without sedation or intoxication, and providing a mood lifting euphoria. 

Look for these products and more at The Novel Tree Medical in Bellevue. Our state-certified cannabis consultants can provide guidance and assist you with selecting the medical cannabis that best fits your unique needs.

Diabetes and Cannabis: Can It Help?

Both scholarly research and anecdotal evidence suggest that millions of Americans affected by diabetes mellitus may find relief for painful symptoms through medical cannabis use. 

How Does Diabetes Affect The Body?

Diabetes is a chronic condition which impacts the body’s ability to convert food into fuel. The disease inhibits the production or utilization of insulin, a hormone that allows cells to process blood sugar (glucose). In Type 1 diabetes, this problem is the result of an autoimmune response in the pancreas, which kills the beta cells responsible for producing insulin. Type 2 diabetes is caused by the development of insulin resistance in individuals with an elevated body mass index lifestyles or a genetic predisposition. Unregulated glucose levels in patients with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes can cause serious health complications such as neuropathy, retinopathy, ketoacidosis, kidney disease, high blood pressure, and stroke.[1]

How might Cannabis Help?

Cannabis might treat the symptoms of these complications by modulating the endocannabinoid system. This system is an important part of human homeostasis which helps regulate neural networks. The chemical structure of cannabinoids like THC, THCV, and CBD allow them to interact with endogenous receptors, and this interaction produces an array of clinically useful effects. Countless diabetics already use cannabis in an effort to combat inflammation, neuropathy, retinopathy, insomnia, and high blood pressure.[1] Empirical evidence underscores the value of this treatment. Diabetic patients across the nation deserve access to all that modern medical science has to offer, including pharmaceutical grade cannabis. 

Addressing Neuropathic Pain and insomnia

Since diabetes has no cure, the problems associated with it last a lifetime. Perhaps the most debilitating of these complications is neuropathy. Abnormal variations in blood glucose levels cause nerve pain in about half of the diabetic population. Conventional medicine is often unable to completely address the discomfort a patient experiences. Narcotics rarely sooth the visceral pain associated with diabetic neuropathy. Opiates, and other commonly prescribed medications used to soothe neuropathic pain, interact with the human body differently than cannabis. Patients develop an unhealthy high tolerance to these medications over time. In contrast, years of consistent cannabis use generally saturate a patient’s endocannabinoid system and decreases tolerance.

Contrary to popular belief, lifelong cannabis users often find the drug stronger and more effective in their later years. This characteristic gives patients suffering from diabetes a reliable option for a number of problems.

Cannabis may help relieve the insomnia associated with neuropathy. Cannabinoids work in concert to quiet overactive nerves, decrease mental stress, relax muscle tension, and soothe restless legs. However, these analgesic and soporific qualities are not the only benefits of cannabis use. Researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health “found that marijuana use was associated with lower levels of fasting insulin and HOMA-IR, and a smaller waist circumference.”[3] In short, the vasodilatory and neuroprotective effects of cannabis can help stabilize blood glucose levels. Specifically, THCV is helpful for glycemic control because it reduces appetite.[4] Patients should be aware of the fact that products with a high THC content can induce binge eating and impair judgment. However, with proper care, cannabis use may drastically improve a diabetic patient’s quality of life. 

Types of cannabis products

Patients generally find that a combination of products is the most effective way to address their symptoms. Cannabis topicals, tinctures, and smokables work more efficiently when they interact with the endocannabinoid system together. Topicals are incredibly effective at addressing issues like tense muscles and restless legs. Dragon Balm by Ceres is a potent and cost effective topical that is difficult to keep on the shelves. Tinctures allow patients to accurately dose edible cannabis without any added sugar. The CBD Ratio series by Fairwinds Cannabis was engineered by a team of world-class physicians and chemists and is some of the highest quality tincture on the market. Smokable products work immediately to fight pain and insomnia. Washington Bud Company grows clean and organic cannabis that provides patients with a very repeatable experience. Washington Bud Co also makes infused bath salts that allow patients with nerve pain to submerge their entire body into topical solution.

Different consumption methods give patients a versatile toolbox of products that may provide relief. Cannabis allows patients with diabetes to develop a personalized plan that best suits their individual, unique needs. 

By Isaiah Tubbs

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Scholarly sources and references

[1]”What Is Diabetes?.” June 2020, www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/diabetes.html. 

[2]Abrams, Donald I et al, "Marijuana in the Management of Diabetes.” Natural Medicine. Vol. 6, 5,  P.1 ( 2014) www.naturalmedicinejournal.com/journal/2014-05/marijuana-management-diabetes. 

[3] Penner, Elizabeth et al. “The Impact of Marijuana Use on Glucose, Insulin, and Insulin Resistance among US Adults.” The American Journal of Medicine vol. 126, 7, p.583-589 (2013)

[4]Jadoon, Khalid A et al. “Efficacy and Safety of Cannabidiol and Tetrahydrocannabivarin on Glycemic and Lipid Parameters in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group Pilot Study.” Diabetes care vol. 39,10, p.1777-1786 (2016)

Cannabinoid and Terpene Information: More is Better

The Benefits of an Expanded Cannabinoid and Terpene Profile

A lot has changed over the last decade with the transition from black market cannabis, to grey market medical cannabis, and finally to the legally licensed and regulated system that we have today in Washington state. One of the most important changes has been the testing that is required on cannabis products. There used to be no way of telling what you were buying, and more importantly, any indication of the strength and potency of the cannabis. These days everything is tested for at least THC & CBD, but something that we greatly appreciate at The Novel Tree Medical is when an expanded cannabinoid profile is provided by the grower. 

What we mean by expanded profile is any information beyond CBD & THC content or ratio. That can be the quantity of lesser cannabinoids like CBG or THCV, or it could include terpene profiles. Any extra information that can be provided helps us tremendously in finding what the most ideal product for someone will be. Much is still being learned about how lesser cannabinoids, even when found in small amounts, can enhance and alter the effects and benefits of a product. Making that information available to consultants, budtenders, and consumers helps people learn to look for things that they may like and may work best for their unique set of needs.

Many of the companies that we carry at The Novel Tree Medical provide additional information on their packaging. Skagit Organics and Puffin Farms are two cannabis growers that really go above and beyond in this respect. They include information on their packaging to help people make the most educated decisions, and to see how a cannabis varietal or strain can change from batch to batch and harvest to harvest. 

Skagit Organics and Minor Cannabinoids

Skagit Organics sources high quality, pesticide-free cannabis from licensed growers around Washington state. They then process this premium cannabis flower into amazing FECO, RSO, distillate, and other concentrates. These high-potency oils can be an amazing and cost-effective way for people with chronic conditions to achieve relief from pain, anxiety, sleeplessness, nausea and many other issues and ailments. 

Each batch of Skagit Organics CBD oil and RSO is tested for cannabinoid content, even minor cannabinoids like CBN, CBD, CBC and CBT.

Every harvest of cannabis, even the same plant from the same grower can have slight variances. So, while we will always have similar products, we might not have the identical product. Skagit’s expanded cannabinoid profile includes at least 10 different cannabinoids including THCV, CBDV, CBG, CBN, and CBT. While many of these lesser cannabinoids are found with less than 1% total quantity, these small amounts can have a major impact, influencing the effects of the THC and CBD. Over time, what you might find is that a product with a small amount of one of these lesser cannabinoids is significantly more effective for you. Going forward you can then look to see if a product has that cannabinoid and have a bit more confidence that it is the ideal product.

Puffin Farms and The Entourage Effect

Puffin Farms grows Clean Green, and Sun + Earth certified cannabis. This means they are going above and beyond what is legally required in Washington to show that they are producing high quality, clean, and ethically sourced cannabis. On both their flower and concentrates, Puffin provides information on dozens of cannabinoids and terpenes. The combination of cannabinoids and terpenes is what we experience as the differences between varietals or strains. If you were to just look at THC percentage, most cannabis varietals look pretty much the same, they mostly have somewhere between 15%-28% THC. However, as most people will tell you there is a huge difference between the effects of Dutch Treat that tests at 20% THC, and Blackberry Kush that tests at the same 20% THC. 

Puffin Farms lists a full breakdown of cannabinoid and terpene levels on their packaging. This kind of detailed information is very helpful when choosing a medical cannabis product for a specific issue or ailment.

This is due to something called the entourage effect, and how all the different constituent compounds work together to interact throughout the body to provide the different effects we experience. One of the primary differences between Dutch Treat and Blackberry Kush are their terpene profiles. Dutch Treat usually is high in a terpene called terpinolene, and this is why Dutch Treat has a bright piney smell. The way this interacts throughout our body, we perceive it to be more mentally stimulating. This is where the “Sativa” effects come from, the combination of cannabinoids and terpenes. 

Blackberry Kush is typically predominant in myrcene which can also be found in hops and may have small amounts of linalool which is also found in lavender. These properties tend to be more calming, relaxing, and sedating. This combination of cannabinoids and more relaxing terpenes is where the “Indica” effects come from. The expanded profile from Puffin Farms allows us to see aspects and numbers down a hundredth of a milligram. While very minor, it can still lead to a unique effect or benefit that people can begin to understand and look for when deciding on which cannabis to purchase. It is also the best way for a medical consultant or budtender to help you select the best cannabis.

More Informed Choices

The more information a grower provides us about a plant’s lineage, how it was grown, and especially an expanded cannabinoid and terpene profile will be the best way to find what cannabis product is ideal for different issues or ailments. It can also help people to figure out what cannabis product may be best for different times of day or different activities. While something stimulating and invigorating might be ideal for a big daytime pursuit, another strain with an opposite profile and calming, relaxing, and anti-inflammatory benefits may be more effective for helping with recovery. We pay very close attention to these details at The Novel Tree Medical. Our team of state-certified medical cannabis consultants can help you learn about the nuances of a strain, terpene or cannabinoid, and guide you towards the most informed choice.

By Matt Kovarsky

CBD Vape Strains: 5 You Should Know

Convenient and discreet, cannabis vape pens are quickly becoming the preferred method of intake for many medical cannabis users. Here are 5 CBD strains you should know.

We profile some of the most popular CBD strains available as vape cartridges.

While they all share a high CBD content in common, other factors such as terpene and cannabinoid profile make each truly unique and worth considering. Whether you’re in search of an all day ally for chronic pain management or something with more sedative effects for night time use, there’s a CBD vape for you.

Pennywise

Walden

Total CBD: 40.3%

Total THC: 47.7%

An Indica strain born of a cross between Harlequin and Jack the Ripper, Pennywise has an equal ratio of CBD to THC. Often recommended for people suffering with symptoms of PTSD, the uplifting Pennywise is known for its relaxing and only mildly psychoactive effects, due to the low levels of THC. Contains high levels of the terpene Myrcene, which is also found in basil, thyme and even hops.

CBD Blue Dream

Heylo

Total CBD: 31%

Total THC: 34%

Known as a ‘functional use’ strain by strain breeders, CBD Blue Dream is cultivated to be possess a clearheaded, mildly euphoric high. A CBD variant of the hugely popular Blue Dream strain, this vape has found a home among many medical cannabis users for its reportedly therapeutic, energizing and all-day-friendly characteristics.

CBD Yummy

Puffin Farm

Total CBD: 31%

Total THC: 16%

More oriented to evening and night time use, CBD Yummy is an Indica dominant hybrid with roughly twice the amount of CBD to THC, or a 2:1 ratio. While it won’t cause you to doze off, it may be most effective in those hours between dinner and bedtime. With just the slightest hint of THC, CBD Yummy is known for clear headed, yet mildly subduing effects. The flower variant of this vape strain won an award at the 2019 Terp Festival. Nice job, Puffin Farms!

CBD Hurkle

Walden

Total CBD: 58.2%

Total THC: 31.6%

Another 2:1 CBD to THC strain, CBD Hurkle was developed by plant breeders crossing an Indica and a Sativa (Harlequin and Querkle). The intent was to create a mind and body calming experience with very low psychoactive side effects. You'll taste sweet notes of berries and cocoa in the smooth vapor. Often recommended to those suffering from chronic pain and anxiety.

The Lite

Raven Grass

Total CBD: 68.07%

Total THC: 6.33%

A deeply relaxing strain containing the terpenes Myrcene, Pinene and Nerolidol. Nerolidol is also found in jasmine and tea leaves and is known for its sedative effects. The growers describe The Lite in glowing terms: “Negative emotions and physical discomfort recede, allowing stillness. Quieting of the mind, those with chronic anxiety may find this allows them to find true rest. May notice a deeply sedative sense of relaxation.”

CBD Bath Bombs and Salts: How Do They Work?

CBD Bath Bombs and Salts are more popular than ever, and it’s no surprise.

Available at The Novel Tree Medical

Taking an hour or so away from increasingly stressful days and sinking into a warm, clean tub is made all the better with the naturally relaxing addition of CBD, THC and essential oils, dissolving into the water as you find that happy place. Not only for stress relief and relaxation, they are also used to ease symptoms related to arthritis, muscle pain and other physical ailments. But what about these cannabis-derived CBD bombs and salts makes them effective?

What Makes Cannabis-Infused Bath Salts Effective?

Available at The Novel Tree - Recreational

Epsom salt has been long touted for it’s ability to sooth away maladies and even reduce inflammation. The addition of CBD, THC and other cannabinoids serve to create an even more powerful effect. Like any topical cannabis product, the CBD and THC interacts with CB2 receptors just beneath the surface of the skin, calming pain signals and promoting relaxation. CBD has been proven to possess anti-inflammatory properties, which is why it’s so effective when used in this form for temporary relief. Certain skin conditions may also benefit from the antibacterial effects of topically-applied cannabis. In fact, all 5 major cannabinoids (THC, CBD, CBG, CBC, CBN) have been scientifically proven to possess antibacterial potential. Like other topicals, cannabis-infused bath salts and bombs also contain botanicals like eucalyptus oil and Dead Sea salts, which further bolster the relaxing effects.

Will It Get Me High?

We are often asked if bath salts and other topicals will cause any sort of intoxication. Generally speaking from anecdotal evidence, product testing and guest feedback, the short answer is no, though some have reported feeling a mild ‘body high’ after using a high concentration of salts. The cannabis contained in the bath salts and topical products interacts with your peripheral nervous system and does not enter the bloodstream, making the risk of intoxication unlikely.

Designed to Relax and relieve: Enjoy Your Bath!

These products are designed with the intent to relax your muscles and alleviate discomfort, not induce a high. However, like any cannabis product it’s important to use the appropriate amount, and gauge your response to it. Different products will contain different ratios of CBD to THC, which is also an important consideration when selecting any cannabis. We always recommend to start low, and go slow when trying any new product.

Cannabis Use for Stress and Anxiety

Can Cannabis Help Alleviate Stress and Anxiety?

Stress and anxiety affect millions of Americans each day in a myriad of ways. Managing stress can be a major challenge, but it’s an absolute necessity for overall health and wellbeing. Having an outlet is key, but sometimes it’s not enough to stem the tide of an especially bad day, and a bit of extra help is needed. Enter cannabis, a plant that recreational users have recognized for decades for its ability to help you unwind and melt away the rigors of the day. While this long-held reputation makes sense to most of us, it’s largely anecdotal and subjective to each cannabis user.

Medical cannabis use is increasingly popular, and many have come to rely on it help them alleviate stress and anxiety. While few scientific studies have examined its ability to reduce or alleviate stress specifically, the ones that have conclude what we’ve come to take for granted, that there is indeed correlation between ingesting cannabis and a feeling of greater ease and relaxation.

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The Studies

Effects of Marijuana on Mental Health; Anxiety Disorders | University of Washington, 2017

A recent study surveyed 1429 MM (medical marijuana) users recruited through social media and MM dispensaries from December 2013 to January 2016 in Washington State about the conditions they used MM to treat, use patterns, perceptions of efficacy, and physical and mental health. More than half (58.1%) reported they used MM for anxiety. In general, participants indicated that they felt MM improved their symptoms of anxiety. 

In summary, effects of marijuana on anxiety disorders are complex. The endocannabinoid system appears to play an important role in responses to stress and anxiety. The two primary active ingredients of marijuana, THC and CBD, appear to have differing effects with regard to anxiety. Pure THC appears to decrease anxiety at lower doses and increase anxiety at higher doses. On the other hand, pure CBD appears to decrease anxiety at all doses that have been tested. 

Link to study

A Naturalistic Examination of the Perceived Effects of Cannabis on Negative Affect | The Journal of Affective Disorders, 2018

Medical cannabis users perceived a 50% reduction in depression and a 58% reduction in anxiety and stress following cannabis use. Two puffs were sufficient to reduce ratings of depression and anxiety, while 10+ puffs produced the greatest perceived reductions in stress. High CBD (>9.5%)/low THC (<5.5%) cannabis was associated with the largest changes in depression ratings, while high CBD (>11%)/high THC (>26.5%) cannabis produced the largest perceived changes in stress.

Moreover, for the vast majority of tracked sessions, users reported a reduction in symptoms of depression (89%), anxiety (93%), and stress (93%) after inhaling cannabis.

Link to study

Cannabidiol as a Potential Treatment for Anxiety Disorders | Neurotherapeutics, 2015

Overall, existing preclinical evidence strongly supports the potential of CBD as a treatment for anxiety disorders. CBD exhibits a broad range of actions, relevant to multiple symptom domains, including anxiolytic, panicolytic, and anticompulsive actions, as well as a decrease in autonomic arousal, a decrease in conditioned fear expression, enhancement of fear extinction, reconsolidation blockade, and prevention of the long-term anxiogenic effects of stress

Link to study

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Medical Cannabis: Education is Key

Cannabis use for managing stress and anxiety isn’t a magic wand, and it’s important to have good understanding of how specific strains, quantities and intake methods can influence your mind and body. The Novel Tree Medical’s state-certified medical cannabis consultants are here to provide guidance, education, and to listen to your unique set of circumstances.

Endometriosis Pain: Can Cannabis Help?

Endometriosis is a painful, debilitating disease affecting over 200,000 women per year in the United States.

Symptoms range from menstrual abnormalities to extreme pelvic pain, caused by irregular uterine-type tissue growth outside the uterus, on the Fallopian tubes and areas lining the pelvis. There are no known cures for endometriosis, and for many women it’s a perpetual regimen of pain management for its chronic, inflammatory symptoms. Treatments include over the counter pain medication, hormone therapy, and in some cases, surgery to remove the tissue. Many women are now exploring medical cannabis as an additional form of relief, and new studies point to its efficacy in easing symptoms of endometriosis.

The causes of endometriosis are still unknown. One theory suggests that during menstruation, some of the tissue backs up through the fallopian tubes into the abdomen, a sort of "reverse menstruation," where it attaches and grows. Another theory suggests that endometrial tissue may travel and implant via blood or lymphatic channels, similar to the way cancer cells spread. A third theory suggests that cells in any location may transform into endometrial cells. - Johns Hopkins Medicine

Pain Management and Cannabis

A 2020 study conducted by a university in Barcelona, Spain has offered promising insight into how cannabis may help manage symptoms of Endometriosis. Specifically, THC has been shown to limit development of Endometriosis and its symptoms.

Importantly, THC also inhibited the growth of ectopic endometrium without apparent consequences on the eutopic endometrium and ovarian tissues. - Rafael Maldonado, 2020

While this initial study used mice with artificially-induced Endometriosis, it suggests a revolutionary new understanding of how cannabis may help women suffering from this condition as it actually demonstrates disease-modifying effects.

The other major cannabinoid, CBD, has been widely recognized for its anti-inflammatory properties, and could make a natural ally to THC in managing symptoms of Endometriosis by not only reducing inflammation, but buffering the psychoactive effects of THC.

CBD has a wide spectrum of biological activity, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, which is why its activity in the prevention and treatment of diseases whose development is associated with redox imbalance and inflammation has been tested. - Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Cannabidiol, 2020

At The Novel Tree Medical, our state-certified medical cannabis consultants have spoken to hundreds of women experiencing varying degrees of pain and discomfort due to endometriosis. Through these consultations, we’ve come to an understanding about how certain cannabis products may assist in curbing symptoms that hinder even the most basic of daily tasks.

Our aim is to help ease chronic pain by first identifying the specific, unique nature of the symptoms, then recommending products based upon them.

Post-Surgical Pain: 5 CBD Products We've Recommended

Post-surgical pain often has people reaching for harsh opioids to manage discomfort during their recovery. CBD offers an alternative That may help minimize the need for reliance on pills.

Localized pain and discomfort can be bothersome aspects of the recovery process following a surgery. Many doctors are quick to prescribe powerful opioids to combat this, but the risk of dependency is all too real. Without a doubt, getting past the initial pain and into a healing state of body and mind is the priority. But are there any alternative avenues for pain management that don’t involve taking copious amounts of potentially harmful pills, or may minimize your reliance on them?

Hemp-Derived CBD: Less Effective Fad?

CBD’s popularity among health and wellness advocates is impossible to ignore. Hemp-derived CBD products have made their way into almost every grocery and drugstore chain and claim to be effective for a wide variety of ailments, and are advertised prominently across the web and social media. The appeal is understandable, though what many consumers don’t realize is that the active compounds that make cannabis-derived CBD powerful are all but absent in these over the counter, grocery-bought hemp-derived CBD products. 

Cannabis-Derived CBD

Cannabis-derived CBD products found at licensed Washington state dispensaries are permitted to contain THC, the beneficial compound which enhances the pain-relieving effects of CBD by a great degree. They also have the benefit of total traceability back to the very cannabis plant they were derived from, giving the consumer the added comfort of transparency. With this in mind, what cannabis-derived CBD products might you consider for post-surgical pain management?

5 CBD Products We’ve Recommended for Post-Surgical Pain:

Fairwinds Ratio Line

Discreet capsules, tinctures and inhalers available in a wide variety of CBD to THC ratios and fortified with terpenes and essential oils.

Mr. Moxey’s Skin Salve with CBD

Made in small batches with a 20:1 ratio of CBD to THC, blended with 14 synergistic herbs and natural oils selected to soothe any type of dry, cracked or irritated skin.

Dragon Balm Lotion and Roll-on

Containing camphor oil and menthol, Dragon Balm penetrates deep and is formulated with a 1:1 ratio of CBD to THC. Topicals shouldn’t be used on or near open wounds, so take care when applying.

CBD Therapy Vape

Puffin Farm’s highest CBD content vape cartridge at 49% CBD! Made with cannabis oil derived from 100%, Clean Green Certified flower grown in eastern Washington state.

Lazy Susan CBD Flower

For those who prefer flower, Plantworks offers Lazy Susan, boasting much higher CBD content than most smokeable options. A dense, Indica-leaning CBD relaxer with aromatic floral notes.

Have questions? Our team of state-certified medical cannabis consultants are here to answer them. Contact us today for a free consultation on your specific needs and medical cannabis products.

Fibromyalgia Pain: Can Cannabis Help?

Many with fibromyalgia are now turning to cannabis in search of relief

While doctors and scientists try to decipher what is at the root of fibromyalgia and its symptoms, this painful disorder causes suffering and discomfort in the lives of 5 million Americans annually. According to the Mayo Clinic, leading researchers believe that fibromyalgia “amplifies painful sensations by affecting the way your brain processes pain signals.” While we may not be sure exactly what is occurring in the body to cause this, one thing that does seem consistent is that cannabis has provided a sense of relief for many people who are living with the ailment.

Symptoms related to fibromyalgia:

• Musculoskeletal pain

• Fatigue

• Sleep issues

• Mood issues

• Memory issues

Why Cannabis for Fibromyalgia?

Doctor Ethan Russo has laid much of the groundwork for what we are able to do at The Novel Tree Medical. His research on cannabinoids and cannabinoid receptors has led to his assertion that fibromyalgia is actually a deficiency of the endocannabinoid system.

The endocannabinoid system is the system responsible for regulating all other systems throughout the body. His theory is that if our body can’t produce enough endogenous cannabinoids (internally-produced) to properly deal with pain and fatigue, we can supplement with phytocannabinoids (plant-produced) to supplement our system. This is where cannabis enters the picture.

“Medicine continues to struggle in its approaches to numerous common subjective pain syndromes that lack objective signs and remain treatment resistant. Foremost among these are migraine, fibromyalgia, and irritable bowel syndrome, disorders that may overlap in their affected populations and whose sufferers have all endured the stigma of a psychosomatic label, as well as the failure of endless pharmacotherapeutic interventions with substandard benefit.”

- Dr. Ethan Russo

While anecdotal, the feedback we’ve received from many guests over the years with fibromyalgia leads us to the conclusion that cannabis can help aid relief from the associated symptoms, and corroborates Dr. Russo’s findings. Among the people we’ve given medical cannabis consultations to, most have found that products containing high levels of CBD and low levels of THC are the most effective for providing relief.

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Cannabis products we’ve recommended for people Experiencing Fibromyalgia pain: High CBD, Low THC.

Ringo’s Gift Flower

The Ringo’s Gift strain grown by Eagle Trees has a cannabinoid profile well-suited for providing relief throughout the day. At nearly 16% CBD, a scant .6% THC and a terpene profile that is more on the energetic Sativa end of the spectrum, it’s a flower to use first thing in the morning and throughout the day to help with soreness, fatigue, aches and pains. About as stimulating as a shot of espresso!

Spectrum 1200 AM & PM Tinctures

Fairwinds Spectrum 1200 tinctures provide an enduring CBD effect. Unique formulations containing high levels of CBD, CBG, very small amounts of THC as well as herbs and essential oils that enhance the benefits of the cannabinoids. Ingested products like tinctures have a longer effectiveness than inhaled products, which may be more beneficial for chronic conditions like fibromyalgia. The Spectrum 1200 AM formulation is non-intoxicating and stimulating and a great way to start the day, while the Spectrum 1200 PM makes for a much more calming, relaxing, and sedating effect more suited to night time use.

Dancehall Vape

With an amazingly high 50% CBD and only 1% THC, the Dancehall EVFO vaporizer from Puffin is a great option to use throughout waking hours. Strong enough to provide immediate relief during a flare up, it provides clear headed non-intoxicating relief. The effects of a smokable product tend to last about an hour. We now think of a vaporizer like an emergency inhaler; It’s a great tool to have in the moment if you need it. This is a product to use in conjunction with an edible or tincture while waiting for the effects of your ingestible product to take effect.

Skagit Organics RSO

RSO may seem intimidating with its high potency and concentration, but it’s actually one of the most versatile products on our shelves. Coming in a wide assortment of potencies and ratios of THC to CBD, we can find a level that best suits your individual needs. It can be easily mixed with butter or oil to cook with, or substituted in baked good recipes like cookies or brownies. Mix with coconut oil and ingest as you would a tincture, or apply it directly as a topical. For a chronic condition where you can anticipate needing periodic dosing over a long period of time, this can be a very cost effective solution.

Journeyman 30:1 Gummmies

The consistent feedback we get from those with fibromyalgia is that high CBD, low THC products seem to be the most effective for the pain and fatigue they experience. With 30mg of CBD and only 1mg of THC these delicious gummies from Journeyman are a great way to get a high serving of CBD into your system. Not everyone will need 30mg of CBD in a single serving, so we typically recommend to start with a half or even a quarter of a gummy and increase as needed, if needed.

Cannabis is something that becomes more effective with continued use, as it builds up in the system and can help to regulate and modulate systems that are out of balance. Many people find that over time, once their endocannabinoid system becomes saturated with CBD and THC from consistent use, their dosage and tolerance actually decreases. As the body begins to return to homeostasis, smaller amounts become more effective over successive doses.

Link to Dr. Ethan Russo’s Endocannabinoid Research